![]() ![]() Dix was a school teacher who endeavored to help people with mental disorders and to expose the sub-standard conditions into which they were put. Dorothea Dix (1802–1887) was an important figure in the development of the "mental hygiene" movement. This response persisted through the 1700s, along with the inhumane confinement and stigmatization of such individuals. In American history, mentally ill patients were thought to be religiously punished. Isaac Ray, the fourth president of the American Psychiatric Association and one of its founders, further defined mental hygiene as "the art of preserving the mind against all incidents and influences calculated to deteriorate its qualities, impair its energies, or derange its movements". In the mid-19th century, William Sweetser was the first to coin the term mental hygiene, which can be seen as the precursor to contemporary approaches to work on promoting positive mental health. See also: Well-being, Eudaimonia, and History of mental disorders Early history Therapists, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, nurse practitioners, or family physicians can help manage mental illness with treatments such as therapy, counseling or medication. Mental health is associated with a number of lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, stress, drug abuse, social connections and interactions. In the United States, the DSM-5 is used as the classification system of mental disorders. The ICD-11 is the global standard used to diagnose, treat, research, and report various mental disorders. ![]() Mental disorders are defined as the health conditions that affect and alter cognitive functioning, emotional responses, and behavior associated with distress and/or impaired functioning. Impairment of any of these are risk factors for mental disorders, or mental illness which is a component of mental health. ![]() Mental health, as defined by the Public Health Agency of Canada, is an individual's capacity to feel, think, and act in ways to achieve a better quality of life while respecting the personal, social, and cultural boundaries. 4 Causing Factors for Mental Health Problems.3.2.4 Cultural and religious considerations.2.1.1 Deinstitutionalization and transinstitutionalization. ![]()
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